Decades: 1510s 1520s 1530s 1540s 1550s - 1560s - 1570s 1580s 1590s 1600s 1610s

Years: 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 - 1560 - 1561 1562 1563 1564 1565

• The first tulip bulb was brought from Turkey to the Netherlands.
• July 6 - Treaty of Edinburgh between England, France and Scotland. The French withdraw from Scotland. This largely ends the "Auld Alliance" between France and Scotland, and ends the wars between England and its northern neighbor.
• August 17 - the Roman Church is overthrown and Protestantism was established as the national religion in Scotland.
• Jean Nicot introduces tobacco in the form of snuff to the French court

• Andrea Andreani, Italian artist (possibly in 1540)
• August 7 - Elizabeth Bathory, Hungarian serial killer

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