See also: 1821 in science, other events of 1822, 1823 in science and the list of years in science.
Geology Friedrich Mohs introduces his system of classifying minerals and his scale of mineral hardness Georges Cuvier established new standards and methods in stratigraphy and palaeontology Gideon Mantell discovers the first fossil of the iguanodon John Phillips and William Conybeare identify the Carboniferous Period Omalius d'Halloy identifies the Cretaceous Period. He also proposed the Jurassic System Mathematics Charles Babbage begins construction of his difference machine, a device for calculating logarithms and trigonometric functions Awards Copley Medal: William Buckland Births January 2 - Rudolf Clausius, physicist († 1888) January 6 - Heinrich Schliemann, German archaeologist († 1890) February 16 - Sir Francis Galton, explorer, biologist († 1911) July 22 - Gregor Mendel, geneticist († 1884) December 27 - Louis Pasteur, biologist († 1895) Deaths August 25 - William Herschel, astronomer (* 1738) November 6 - Claude Louis Berthollet, chemist (* 1748)
