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A brassiere or bra is an item of women's underwear consisting of two cups covering totally or partially the breasts for support and modesty. In addition to the connection of the cups it has usually four bands, two on the sides that are fastened to each other at the back or anterior part and two over the shoulders, joining the other two at the back. A semibra is a bra with cups covering only the lower part of the breast.
The upper part of a bikini is similar, but with the social difference that it is part of a swimsuit and not underwear, i.e. in western cultures it is considered suitable for exposure in a swimming pool, on the beach, and other recreational situations.
In French, brassière refers to a baby's vest, although it is now sometimes used for the a 'bra-top' without formed cups. The word brassière derives from bracière, an Old French word meaning "arm protector" and referring to military uniform (bras in French means "arm"). This later became used for a military breast plate, and later for a type of woman's corset.
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2 Brassieres And Breast Sagging 3 Trivia 4 History 5 See Also |
The size of breasts is often expressed in terms of the size of the bra. This is measured as follows: Two measurements are taken, the first is a circumference of the body with the tape being placed under the breasts. This provides the "band size." The second measurement is similar, but includes the breasts. The first result is then subtracted from the second. A difference of 1 inch requires an A cup size; 2 inches, a B cup; 3 inches, a C cup; and 4 inches, a D cup. Therefore, a woman who has a band size of 36 inches, and a measurement over her breasts of 39 inches, would be best served by a bra size of 36C.
Larger cup sizes can be confusing, but the following will outline these unusual sizes. A 5 inch difference is either a DD or an E cup. There is essentially no difference between them, but some manufacturers are hesitant to use the "E" size fearing that it sounds too large, and therefore use "DD" because it sounds less imposing.
A 6 inch difference is either a DDD, a EE or an F. While a 7 inch difference is a EEE, an FF or a G (again, depending on manufacturer's preference). An 8 inch difference is an H cup.
After that, the sizes proceed through the alphabet with a letter and a double letter for each inch difference. For example, a 9 inch difference is an HH, a 10 inch difference is an I, an 11 inch difference is an II, a 12 inch difference is a J, a 13 inch difference is a JJ, and so on.
Breasts naturally sag as women grow older. The notion that wearing a brassiere will prevent or lessen sagging of the breasts is an Old Wives' Tale. In any case, sagging of the breasts actually makes them healthier. For in-depth information about these topics, see this link.
The concept of covering or restraining the breasts dates back to ca. 4500 BCE, in Greece. Minoan women on the island of Crete ca. 2500 BCE wore brassiers that revealed their bare breasts. A binding known as an apodesmos or mastodeton was worn by Greek women for exercise. It is said that brassieres were invented by men so that women's breasts would be smaller, more like a man's.
The first bra-like device to support the breasts was patented (nr 24,033) in 1859 by Henry S Lesher of Brooklyn, New York; although it is recognisably a bra, the design looks uncomfortable by current standards.
In 1889 Herminie Cadolle of France invented the first modern bra, a two-piece undergarment called le bien-être (the wellbeing). The lower part was a corset for the waist, the upper supporting the breasts by means of shoulder straps. By 1905 the upper half was being sold separately as a soutien-gorge (breast support), the name by which bras are still known in France. Cadolle's business is still going strong.
The Americann Mary Phelps-Jacobs was granted the first U.S. patent for the brassiere (nr 1,115,674), in 1913. She is sometimes credited as the inventor of the modern bra. She was aided in this work by her French maid, Marie.
Ida Rosenthal is responsible for the development of sized brassieres, in the 1920's. She founded the Maidenform manufacturing company.
In the 1960's, many women burned their bras as a symbol of female liberation.
The oft-repeated story that the brassiere was invented by a man named Otto Titzling is false. [1]Bra Sizes
Brassieres And Breast Sagging
Trivia
History