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Founded by Scottish settlers in the early 1800s as a farming community, Campbellcroft reached its apex during the late 1800s thanks to the economic spinoffs brought by The Port Hope, Lindsay & Beaverton Railway Company (The Midland Railway).
At the turn of the 20th century, the village was home to a hotel, rail infrastructure, post office, grist mill and more. With the abandonment of the Midland Railway in 1957, the village's economic importance and population fell into decline. In the late 20th century, farming gradually was supplanted by other professions and the area developed a dominant commuter population.