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In Jurisprudence a controversy is a dispute which involves civil law, as opposed to criminal law. Article Three of the United States Constitution states that the the Supreme Court of the United States is the highest arbiter of controversies arising under federal law and the constitution. However, these specific cases necessitate the presence of a controversy. This controversy requirement means that federal courts are only allowed to hear cases where there is appropriate standing, or where the plaintiff and defendant actually have a controversy between them.
The most controversial controversies are, of course, too controversial to mention here.
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