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Isle Royale is within about 22 miles (35 km) of the Canadian shore of the lake, near the city of Thunder Bay, and about 50 miles (80 km) from the Michigan shore, on the Keweenaw Peninsula. There are seasonal ferry services to the island from Grand Portage, Minnesota, Copper Harbor and Houghton, Michigan.
The entire island now constitutes the Isle Royale National Park. It is well known among ecologists as the site of a long-term study of a predator-prey system, between moose and wolves.