The 30 mile, 52 kilometer long, barrier was constructed in 1994 by Israel. There are several crossing points in the barrier, notably the Erez Crossing and the Rafah Crossing. The barrier is augmented by an open observation area 300 meters wide on the Gaza side of the barrier. The barrier has been effective in prevents terrorists and suicide bombers from leaving Gaza. Since 1996, all suicide bombers trying to leave Gaza have detonated their charges at the barrier's crossing points. As a result, Palestinian militants have developed Qassam rockets to fire over the barrier.

See also: Israeli West Bank barrier, Separation wall