Table of contents

1 Brain (neural tube) 1.1 hindbrain (rhombencephalon) 1.2 brainstem (rhombencephalon) (mesencephalon) (prosencephalon) 1.3 telencephalon (cerebrum) (prosencephalon) 2 Cerebrospinal systems 2.4 neuronal systems 2.4.1 cognitive systems 2.4.2 volitive systems 2.4.3 nerves 2.5 neurocrine systems 2.6 vascular systems 2.7 dural meningeal system 3 Organization

Brain _{(neural tube)}

hindbrain _{(rhombencephalon)}

• cerebellum_{(archipallium)}
  • cerebellar vermis
  • folium
  • declive
  • inferior semilunar lobule
  • superior semilunar lobule
  • biventure lobule
  • gracile lobule
  • tonsil
  • anterior lobe
  • posterior quadrangular lobule

• myelencephalon _{(rhombencephalon) (archipallium)}
  • medulla oblongata
    • medullary pyramids
• metencephelon _{(rhombencephalon) (archipallium)}
  • pons
• fourth ventricle
• mesencephalon _{(midbrain) (archipallium)}
  • tectum
    • inferior collici
    • superior collici
  • cerebral peduncle
    • midbrain tegmentum
    • crus cererbri
    • substantia nigra
  • pretectum
• diencephalon _{(prosencephalon) (paleopallium)}
  • epithalamus
    • pineal body
    • hebenular nuclei
    • stria medullares
    • tenia thalami
  • third ventricle
  • thalamus
    • anterior nuclear group
      • anteroventral nucleus
      • anterodorsal nucleus
      • anteromedial nucleus
    • medial nuclear group
      • dorsomedial nucleus
      • midline nuclear group
        • paratenial nucleus
        • parventricular nucleus
        • reuniens nucleus
        • rhombodoidal nucleus
      • intralaminar nuclear group
        • centromedial nucleus
        • parafascicular nucleus
        • paracentral nucleus
        • central lateral nucleus
        • central medial nucleus
    • lateral nuclear group
      • lateral dorsal nucleus
      • lateral posterior nucleus
      • pulvinar
    • ventral nuclear group
      • ventral anterior nucleus
      • ventral lateral nucleus
      • ventral posterior nucleus
    • metathalamus
      • medial geniculate body
      • lateral geniculate body
    • thalamic reticular nucleus
  • hypothalamus _{(limbic system) (HPA axis) (limbic lobe)}
    • optic chiasm
    • supraoptic region
    • infundibulum
    • tuber cinerum
    • tuberal region
    • mammillary bodies
    • mammillary region
  • subthalamus_{(HPA axis) (limbic lobe)}
    • thalamic nucleus
    • zona incerta
  • pituitary gland _{(HPA axis)}

• cerebral hemispheres
  • amygdala _{(limbic system) (limbic lobe) (paleopallium)}
    • central nucleus_{(autonomic nervous system)}
    • medial nucleus_{(accessory olfactory system)}
    • cortical and basomedial nuclei_{(main olfactory system)}
    • lateral and basolateral nuclei_{(frontotemporal cortical system)}
  • hippocampus _{(limbic system) (limbic lobe) (paleopallium)}
    • dentate gyrus
  • basal ganglia
    • globus pallidus_{(archipallium)}
    • striatum
    • caudate nucleus
    • putamen
  • rhinencephalon _{(piriform cortex)}
    • olfactory bulb_{(archipallium)}
    • olfactory tract
    • olfactory lobe
    • anterior olfactory nucleus
    • anterior commissure
  • lateral ventricles
  • cerebral cortex _(neopallium)
    • frontal lobe
      • precentral gyrus
        • Brodmann area 4 _{(Primary motor area)}
      • superior gyrus
      • middle gyrus
      • inferior frontal gyrus
      • Brodmann areas: 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 24, 25, 32, 33, 44, 45, 46, 47
    • temporal lobe
      • superior temporal gyrus
      • middle temporal gyrus
      • inferior temporal gyrus
      • fusiform gyrus
      • parahippocampal gyrus
      • Brodmann areas: 9, 20, 21, 22, 27, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 41, 42
    • parietal lobe
      • postcentral gyrus _{(Primary somesthetic area)}
      • precuneus
      • Brodmann areas 1, 2, 3 _{(Primary somesthetic area)}; 5, 7, 23, 26, 29, 31, 39, 40
    • occipital lobe
      • lateral occipital gyrus
      • cuneus
      • Brodmann_areas 17 _{(V1, primary visual cortex)}; 18, 19
    • insula
    • cingulate cortex
      • anterior cingulate
      • posterior cingulate
      • Brodmann_areas 23, 24; 26, 29, 30 _{(retrosplenial areas)}; 31, 32

neuronal systems

• central nervous system
• peripheral nervous system
  • somatic nervous system
  • autonomic nervous system
    • sympathetic nervous system
    • parasympathetic nervous system

• sensory systems
  • olfactory system

• motor system
  • extrapyramidal system
  • pyramidal tract
  • alpha system
  • gamma system

• Spinal cord
• brain stem
  • cranial nerves
    • Olfactory nerve, (I)
    • Optic nerve (II)
    • Oculomotor nerve (III)
    • Trochlear nerve(IV)
    • Trigeminal nerve (V)
    • Abducens nerve (VI)
    • Facial nerve (VII)
    • Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
    • Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
    • Vagus nerve (X)
    • Accessory nerve (XI)
    • Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

• limbic system
• HPA axis

• blood-brain barrier
• blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier
• venous systems
  • veins
• arterial systems
  • arteries

• brain-cerebrospinal fluid barrier
• meningeal coverings
  • dura matter
  • pia matter
• epidural space
• subdural space
• arachnoid septum
• ventricular system (venous sinus system)
  • cerebrospinal fluid
    • subarachnoid space
      • third ventricle
      • fourth ventricle
      • lateral ventricles
        • Anterior horn
        • Body of lateral ventricle
        • Inferior horn
        • Posterior horn
      • superior cistern
      • cistern of lamina terminalis
      • chaismatic cistern
      • interpeduncular cistern
      • pontine cistern
      • cerebromedullary cistern
    • spinal subarachnoid space

Anatomical regions are listed vertically beneath Brain according to typical hierarchies. Functional, connective and developmental regions are listed horizontally in _{(italicized subscript)}.