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Buñuel had a strict Jesuit education and went to university in Madrid. After that, he moved to Paris to do film-related work. His first movie, Un Chien Andalou (1929), put him into film history due to its shocking imagery, such as the slicing of a woman's eyeball.
He married Jeanne Rucar in 1925. Buñuel became a Mexican citizen in 1948. His sons are film-maker Rafael Buñuel and Juan Luis Buñuel.