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Municipality
A
municipality
or
general-purpose district
(see also:
special-purpose district
) is an administrative region generally composed of a clearly defined area and commonly referring to a
city
,
town
, or
village
government
. Municipalities are not necessarily the same as
townships
. In most
countries
, this is the smallest administrative subdivision that has its own
democratically
elected
representative
leadership.
In the
People's Republic of China
, a municipality (直辖市 in
pinyin
:
zhíxiéshì
) is a
city
with equal status to a province:
Beijing
,
Tianjin
,
Shanghai
, and
Chongqing
(see
Municipality of China
)
In
Belgium
, a municipality (
gemeente/commune
) is part of a province (
provincie/province
)
In
Brazil
, a municipality (
município
) is part of a state (
estado
)
In
Denmark
, a municipality (
kommune
) is part of a county (
amt
)
In
Finland
, a municipality (
kunta/kommun
) is part of a province (
lääni/län
)
In
France
, a municipality (
commune
) is part of a department (
département
)
In
Germany
, a municipality (
Gemeinde
) is part of a district (
Kreis
). Larger entities of the same level are named city (
Stadt
).
In
Italy
, a municipality (
comune
) is part of a province (
provincia
) which is part of a region (
regione
).
In the
Netherlands
, a municipality (
gemeente
) is part of a province (
provincie
).
In
Japan
, any government other than the Japanese national government is called a municipality.
In
Mexico
, a municipality (
municipio
) is subdivision of a state (
estado
).
In
Norway
, a municipality (
kommune
) is part of a county (
fylke
)
In the
Philippines
, a municipality (
bayan
) is part of a province (
lalawigan
) and is composed of barangays.
In
Portugal
, a municipality (
município
) is part of a district (
distrito
).
In
Puerto Rico
, a municipality (
municipio
) serves as a second-order administrative division.
In
Serbia and Montenegro
, a municipality (
opština
) is the topmost regional division in
Montenegro
but part of a county (
okrug
) in
Serbia
.
In
Sweden
, a municipality (
kommun
) is part of a county (
län
).
In
Switzerland
, a municipality (
commune/Gemeinde/comune
) is part of a canton (
canton/Kanton/cantone
) and defined by cantonal law.
In the
Republic of China
on
Taiwan
, a municipality (直轄市 in
Wade-Giles
:
chi-hsia-shih
) is a city with equal status to a province:
Taipei
and
Kaohsiung
. (see
Municipality of China
)
See also:
Council-manager government
,
Mayor
,
Mayor-council government
,
muni
,
Political science
,
Special-purpose district
,
Subnational entity
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