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It is a historic market town, with a castle. King John of England died there. During the English Civil War, Newark survived a siege by Cromwell's forces. The town was ordered to surrender by Charles I after its capture, and the defending forces left with their heads held high.
Situated at the intersection of the Great North Road and the Fosse Way, Newark originally grew around Newark Castle, now ruined, and a large marketplace, now lined with historic buildings. The former London and North Eastern Railway East Coast Main Line runs through the town, but the A1 and A46 roads now bypass it.