Northern indigenous peoples of Russia
This list is based solely on territory; the peoples listed here do not belong to a single language family or ethnicity: they are Finno-Ugric, Turkic, Eskimo-Aleut, and other groups. Many of them are (almost) extinct or assimilated.
Many of these peoples live in Siberia, and their names here are transliterations from Cyrillic, rather than self-names. In some cases this creates difficulty in providing the plural form, because the Cyrillic letter Ц is transliterated as 'ts'. These cases are marked by the asterisk (*).
- Aleut
- Chukchi
- Chuvans
- Dolgans
- Evenks (obsolete: Tungus)
- Evens
- Inuit
- Itel'mens
- Kamas (extinct since 1989)
- Karelians
- Khants (Ostyaks, obsolete)
- Kamchadals
- Koryaks
- Kumandints
- Lamuts
- Mansi (Voguls, obsolete)
- Nanais (Russian plural: Nanaitsy)
- Negidals
- Nenets (*) (Russian plural: Nentsy, old Russian name Samoyeds)
- Nganasans (Tavgi)
- Nivkhs
- Orochs (Evenk tribe by the Oro river)
- Oroks
- Saami (old Russian name Lopars, i.e., Lapp)
- Sel'kups
- Shors
- Teleuts
- Tofalars
- Tuvian-Todzhynts
- Udege
- Ul'chs
- Yakuts
- Yenets (*) (Enets, Russian plural: Yentsy, obsolete: Yenisei Samoyeds, Yenisei Ostyak, Kets)
- Yukaghirs
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